Characterization of food patterns during the COVID 19 pandemic in Chile.

Background: Confinement to prevent contagion by COVID-19 has been shown to have a negative impact on different components of the population's health, food being one of the most notable. The objective of this work was to characterize the intake of certain foods according to sex, age, and educational and socioeconomic level during the COVID 19 pandemic in Chile.. Method(s): cross-sectional study through an online survey. Each person answered a food intake questionnaire on the self-administered form, and questions about the type and duration of confinement and sociodemographic data. Result(s): 1722 people participated (82.5% female). When evaluating the% of compliance with the recommendations for each food, fruit and dairy, it is less than 10%, but being significantly higher in women, whereas the consumption of sugary drinks, caffeinated drinks and alcohol, the highest in men. When comparing by age, it was observed that in those over 55 years of age the majority of healthy foods were reduced, more unhealthy foods such as sugary drinks and junk food and when comparing by socioeconomic level, a lower consumption of healthy foods was observed in people of lower level Socioeconomic, on the contrary, the consumption of unhealthy foods was higher, except for alcohol, caffeinated beverages and sugar. Conclusion(s): There is a high consumption of unhealthy foods during the pandemic, and there are differences in intake according to sex, age and socioeconomic level.Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Comunitaria. All rights reserved.

Characterization of the dietary profile of the old adults in Ibero-american during of pandemic by COVID 19

Objective: To characterize the food profile of the Older People of Ibero-America in times of the COVID 19 pandemic. Material and methods: Multicenter study in 12 Ibero-American countries, an online survey was applied that included sociodemographic questions and a Food Intake questionnaire that included the frequency of consumption for vegetables, sugary drinks, legumes, dairy products and portion of food. Results: The sample was made up of 624 participants, 72.1% (n= 450) of women. 54.7% of women do not consume sugary drinks, while in men 54% consume at least one glass a day (p=0.012). 35.6% of men consumed >= 3 legumes per week versus 23% of women (p=0.020). 37.3% of women consume >= 2 daily servings of dairy products, in men only 28.1% (p= 0.030). Women have a higher consumption of vegetables (44.7%, n= 201) compared to men (28.7%), (p=0.001). 17.4% of the total sample increased the size of the food portion, being higher in women (p=0.005). Conclusion: Women have healthier eating habits than men based on fruits, vegetables, on the other hand, the variation in size increases, especially in women.

Comparison and migrations of physical activity during covid-19 confinement in Latin American

Purpose: The study aims to characterize the practice and migration of physical activity in active people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional observational study of a Latin American survey. Setting: An online survey in Google Forms format was applied between June and July 2020 through social networks. The survey consisted of general characteristics, characteristics of confinement, and characteristics related to physical activity. Subjects: 2134 people participated (33.6% male, the mean age was 30.7 +/- 9.2 years), 95.2% with higher education, 74% were normal weight, 60.8% in voluntary lockdown, and 39.2% mandatory lockdown. Results: Pre-pandemic men did 217.92 min/week, and women 199.78 min/week;post-pandemic men declined to 168.34 min/week, and women to 176.70 min/week. Men pre-pandemic, had a higher proportion of compliance the WHO recommendation (77.3% vs 64.9% p =0.001). Regarding, physical activity migrations, men decreased in outside activities, team sports and increase in home physical activity, in women decreased in outside activities, team sports and an increased in fitness classes, yoga and home physical activity. Finally, when associating compliance with physical activity during confinement, it is associated with being a woman and with long weeks of confinement. Conclusion: The physically active people, despite the confinements, remain like this in the four countries evaluated;only changes are observed in the type of physical activity and the frequency of weekly sessions, not affecting their physical condition levels according to self-report.

Dietary Patterns and Dietary Recommendations Achievement From Latin American College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

This study aimed to compare the diet quality of different dietary patterns among college students from Latin American countries, including vegetarians, vegans, and omnivores during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study was conducted including a non- probabilistic sample of university students from 10 countries. University students were invited to participate in the study through social network platforms. Participants were self-reported to have followed a specific dietary pattern;either the Prudent diet, Western diet, Ovo-dairy-vegetarian diet, Fish-vegetarian diet, Strict vegetarian diet (vegan) or other. The last three patterns (vegetarians and vegans) were grouped as following a plant-based diet. A self-assessment survey was used to evaluate healthy eating habits using a questionnaire with values between 1 (do not consume) and 5 (consume) for a total of 9–45 points (higher values represent better eating habits). Unhealthy habits were assessed with nine questions. A total of 4,809 students filled out the questionnaire, and the majority of them were females (73.7%). A high percentage have been in lockdown for more than 5 months and were in lockdown when the survey was released. 74.3% were self-reported to follow a prudent diet, while 11.4% reported following a western dietary pattern and 8.8% a plant-based diet. When compliance with healthy and unhealthy dietary habits was analyzed, although all groups had low compliance, the plant-based diet group (56.09 ± 6.11) performed better than the Western diet group (48.03 ± 5.99). The total diet quality score was significantly higher for plant-based diet followers, who also tended to better achieve the recommendations than omnivorous students, especially the ones following a western diet. These results present evidence that young adults such as college-aged students have unhealthy dietary habits. However, the ones who follow a plant-based diet such as vegetarians and vegans exhibit better scores and healthier dietary conducts. Copyright © 2022 Murillo, Gómez, Durán-Agüero, Parra-Soto, Araneda, Morales, Ríos-Castillo, Carpio-Arias, Cavagnari, Nava-González, Bejarano-Roncancio, Núñez-Martínez, Cordón-Arrivillaga, Meza-Miranda, Mauricio-Alza and Landaeta-Díaz.

Characterization of food security in Colombian families during confinement by COVID-19

Background: Voluntary confinement, and subsequently compulsory quarantine, is a government strategy for containing and mitigating the effects of COVID-19 contagion. The objective was to characterize food security in Colombian families, perception of weight change and lifestyles during social isolation by COVID-19. Methods: cross-sectional study with a descriptive quantitative approach in a non-probabilistic sample, voluntary participant in an electronic access survey. The information was obtained through a structured survey with the Google Forms Drive tool, with three components, sociodemographic, food consumption and level of food safety. The link of the digital survey was socialized in all Colombian regions, during weeks 15, 16 and 17 of the month of April corresponding to the Colombian epidemiological calendar 2020. Univariate and bivariate analysis associated with the axis of food consumption and access was carried out, in the statistical program SPSS v25 and organizing databases in Microsoft Excel. Results: Of the 1,470 surveys applied in 97% of the Colombian territory (31 departments), 76% were completed by women. The average age of the convenience sample was 39 +13 years, the family composition of 48% was more than three members and 60% considered that their weight is normal. 62% considered the purchase of meat a high priority. Generally. It is observed that foods such as dairy products, cereals, fruits-vegetables had a high purchase priority;they did not buy sugary drinks, alcoholic beverages and processed foods;64% do not buy bottled water;35% of the families reported having a lack of money to buy food, while 15.3% reported eating less with their main meals. Conclusions: there was food insecurity due to lack of money and the purchase of food;a change in weight due to weight gain and modifications in lifestyles in terms of the purchase, consumption, hygiene and waste of food and physical activity. © 2020 Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Comunitaria. All rights reserved.